自建 Docker 镜像

本文地址：blog.lucien.ink/archives/547
本文主要参考自：自建Docker 镜像/源加速的方法

1. 简介

最近 Docker Hub 被禁一事引起了不小的波动，在这里简单讲下在这之后应该如何访问公开的 Docker Hub。

2. Cloudflare

2.1 搭建

搭建的前提是有一个在 Cloudflare 中被管理的域名，此处不展开介绍，在这里假设这个域名是 your-domain.com。

2.1.1 创建 Worker

点击页面左侧的 Workers & Pages，创建一个 Worker，填入以下内容。请注意将 your-domain.com 替换为你自己的域名。

'use strict'
const hub_host = 'registry-1.docker.io'
const auth_url = 'https://auth.docker.io'
const workers_url = 'https://your-domain.com'
/**
* static files (404.html, sw.js, conf.js)
*/
/** @type {RequestInit} */
const PREFLIGHT_INIT = {
status: 204,
headers: new Headers({
'access-control-allow-origin': '*',
'access-control-allow-methods': 'GET,POST,PUT,PATCH,TRACE,DELETE,HEAD,OPTIONS',
'access-control-max-age': '1728000',
}),
}
/**
* @param {any} body
* @param {number} status
* @param {Object} headers
*/
function makeRes(body, status = 200, headers = {}) {
headers['access-control-allow-origin'] = '*'
return new Response(body, {status, headers})
}
/**
* @param {string} urlStr
*/
function newUrl(urlStr) {
try {
return new URL(urlStr)
} catch (err) {
return null
}
}
addEventListener('fetch', e => {
const ret = fetchHandler(e)
.catch(err => makeRes('cfworker error:
' + err.stack, 502))
e.respondWith(ret)
})
/**
* @param {FetchEvent} e
*/
async function fetchHandler(e) {
const getReqHeader = (key) => e.request.headers.get(key);
let url = new URL(e.request.url);
if (url.pathname === '/token') {
let token_parameter = {
headers: {
'Host': 'auth.docker.io',
'User-Agent': getReqHeader("User-Agent"),
'Accept': getReqHeader("Accept"),
'Accept-Language': getReqHeader("Accept-Language"),
'Accept-Encoding': getReqHeader("Accept-Encoding"),
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0'
}
};
let token_url = auth_url + url.pathname + url.search
return fetch(new Request(token_url, e.request), token_parameter)
}
url.hostname = hub_host;
let parameter = {
headers: {
'Host': hub_host,
'User-Agent': getReqHeader("User-Agent"),
'Accept': getReqHeader("Accept"),
'Accept-Language': getReqHeader("Accept-Language"),
'Accept-Encoding': getReqHeader("Accept-Encoding"),
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0'
},
cacheTtl: 3600
};
if (e.request.headers.has("Authorization")) {
parameter.headers.Authorization = getReqHeader("Authorization");
}
let original_response = await fetch(new Request(url, e.request), parameter)
let original_response_clone = original_response.clone();
let original_text = original_response_clone.body;
let response_headers = original_response.headers;
let new_response_headers = new Headers(response_headers);
let status = original_response.status;
if (new_response_headers.get("Www-Authenticate")) {
let auth = new_response_headers.get("Www-Authenticate");
let re = new RegExp(auth_url, 'g');
new_response_headers.set("Www-Authenticate", response_headers.get("Www-Authenticate").replace(re, workers_url));
}
if (new_response_headers.get("Location")) {
return httpHandler(e.request, new_response_headers.get("Location"))
}
return new Response(original_text, {
status,
headers: new_response_headers
})
}
/**
* @param {Request} req
* @param {string} pathname
*/
function httpHandler(req, pathname) {
const reqHdrRaw = req.headers
// preflight
if (req.method === 'OPTIONS' &&
reqHdrRaw.has('access-control-request-headers')
) {
return new Response(null, PREFLIGHT_INIT)
}
let rawLen = ''
const reqHdrNew = new Headers(reqHdrRaw)
const refer = reqHdrNew.get('referer')
let urlStr = pathname
const urlObj = newUrl(urlStr)
/** @type {RequestInit} */
const reqInit = {
method: req.method,
headers: reqHdrNew,
redirect: 'follow',
body: req.body
}
return proxy(urlObj, reqInit, rawLen, 0)
}
/**
*
* @param {URL} urlObj
* @param {RequestInit} reqInit
*/
async function proxy(urlObj, reqInit, rawLen) {
const res = await fetch(urlObj.href, reqInit)
const resHdrOld = res.headers
const resHdrNew = new Headers(resHdrOld)
// verify
if (rawLen) {
const newLen = resHdrOld.get('content-length') || ''
const badLen = (rawLen !== newLen)
if (badLen) {
return makeRes(res.body, 400, {
'--error': `bad len: ${newLen}, except: ${rawLen}`,
'access-control-expose-headers': '--error',
})
}
}
const status = res.status
resHdrNew.set('access-control-expose-headers', '*')
resHdrNew.set('access-control-allow-origin', '*')
resHdrNew.set('Cache-Control', 'max-age=1500')
resHdrNew.delete('content-security-policy')
resHdrNew.delete('content-security-policy-report-only')
resHdrNew.delete('clear-site-data')
return new Response(res.body, {
status,
headers: resHdrNew
})
}

2.1.2 添加域名

进入创建好的 Worker 的配置页面，在 Settings Tab 中选择 Triggers，点击 Add Custom Domain，添加 your-domain.com。

2.2 使用

2.2.1 配置为镜像

在 /etc/docker/daemon.json 加入以下内容：

{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://your-domain.com"
]
}

然后重启 docker：systemctl restart docker

随后就能像往常一样直接 pull 了：

docker pull busybox:latest
docker pull mysql/mysql-server:latest

2.2.2 直接使用

docker pull your-domain.com/library/busybox:latest
docker pull your-domain.com/mysql/mysql-server:latest

3. 使用 registry

首先你需要一个能正常访问 Docker Hub 的机器，并在那台机器上正常安装 Docker。

3.1 搭建

找一个文件夹，编辑 compose.yml 文件，填入以下内容：

services:
registry:
image: registry:2
ports:
- "5000:5000"
environment:
REGISTRY_PROXY_REMOTEURL: https://registry-1.docker.io  # 上游源
REGISTRY_STORAGE_CACHE_BLOBDESCRIPTOR: inmemory # 内存缓存，去掉本行以直接使用硬盘
volumes:
- ./data:/var/lib/registry

然后执行 docker compose up -d 即可。

3.2 使用

使用方法同上。